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EMU-train depots widely use the COMPACS®-EXPRESS vibration acoustic diagnostics systems, designed for condition evaluation of WMU of motor-driven rolling stock during scheduled maintenance and repair works.
The diagnostics is aimed at increasing reliability and resource of technical systems. The main diagnostic task is to evaluate the condition of units and assemblies and classify it as good or faulty. That is closely connected with the risk of false alarm or defect skipping. The present work is devoted to reliability increase of rotary units’ condition diagnostics with simultaneous decrease of complexity of its usage.
An analysis of geometrical parameters of a bearing assembly resulted in dependency of vibration level from rotation frequency and defect’s size. According to the dependency, the vibration signal amplitude rate is proportional to the bearing rotation frequency and the defect’s size. Using the COMPACS®-EXPRESS systems the dependency proved valid. A diagnostic error connected with false alarm or defect skipping probability can be eliminated by using an ambiguity area limited by the highest and the lowest critical values.
The paper considers the developed approach to reduce the diagnostic error by using an ambiguity area and conducting an additional independent testing. Thus, using an ambiguity area in condition evaluation together with two independent tests, increasing complexity of its usage not more than by 2, substantially increases the reliability of rotary units condition diagnostics.
Kostyukov Al.V., Kazarin D.V., Zaytsev A.V. Reliability increase of rotary units’ vibration analysis // XX Russian scientific conference on NDT and technical diagnostics: proceedings – Moscow: Spectr Editorial, 2014. – p.355-357.  Download the publication
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Modern production facilities equipment operation and transport complex are unthinkable without the use of health monitoring systems. Currently, the production and transport facilities of the complex are distinguished by the degree of impact on the country’s security, economy and ecology: objects of technical regulation, hazardous production facilities, critical facilities, strategic facilities.
It is clear that various classes of systems should be used for these objects health monitoring. Principles of monitoring construction documented in the literature are reflected in the standards. Monitoring systems should provide information on the equipment (monitoring object) status in the required quantity and quality to provide observability of its technical state. Observation systems results should advance to take control actions, which provide the required stability margin processing facility, quality of its operation, create a necessary supply of technological, environmental and economic safety. These systems form the basis of automated control systems for the safe resource-saving operation of equipment in real time within the whole enterprise.
Risk decisions are determined by monitoring errors - static, dynamic, and those due to the influence of human factor. A significant effect of a static error detection on the magnitude of a dynamic error detection and of the failure omission risk due to the monitoring system has been shown. An equation of the static and dynamic errors relation, invariant to the nature of these processes and diagnostic features has been obtained.
There have been obtained numerical estimates of the dynamic error increase for linear and exponential trends of technical state degradation in the objects, invariant to their nature. Ways of improving the monitoring systems for malfunctions in objects of different responsibility depends on the basis of a modernized classification criterion.
References:
- Makhutov N. A., Technogenic safety: diagnostics and monitoring of potentially dangerous equipment and its operation risks// N. A. Makhutov, M. M. Gadenin, Digest: Federal
reference book, Vol. 26, Moscow, SP "Center of Strategic Partnership", 2012. – 496 p. pp. 307-314.
- Kostyukov V. N., Monitoring of condition and operation risks of the equipment in real time as a basis of industrial safety// V. N. Kostyukov, N. A. Makhutov, A.V. Kostyukov. Digest: Federal reference book, Vol. 26, Moscow, SP "Center of Strategic Partnership", 2012. – 496 p. pp. 321-326.
- Kostyukov V. N, Boychenko S. N, Kostyukov Al. V., Automated control systems for safe money-saving operation of equipment at refining and petrochemical plants (SMSRTM – COMPACS®), Moscow, Mashinostroenie, ISBN: 5-217-02971-4, 1999, 163 p.
- Kostyukov, V., Monitoring of Industrial Safety, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, ISBN: 5-217-03151-4, 212 p, 2002.
- Kostyukov A.V., Kostyukov V. N., Improving the operational efficiency of enterprises, based on real-time monitoring, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 2009, 192 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Naumenko A.P., Bases of vibroacoustic diagnostics and monitoring of machinery: tutorial. Recommended by EMO of higher education institutions of the Russian Federation for students of higher education institutions studying in the field 200100 – "Instrument making". Omsk, OmSTU, 2011, 360 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Condition monitoring of the equipment in real-time technology of safe maintenance of the XXI century, Тhe 5th International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies CM 2008/MFPT 2008/ 15-18 July, 2008, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-31-4, 2008, pp 785-793.
- Kostyukov V. N, Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Machinery, The 6th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies,
CM 2009/MFPT2009/ 23-25 June, 2009, Dublin, Ireland, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., 2009, pp. 1161-1170.
- Boychenko S. N., Kostyukov V. N., Equipment diagnostic expert system, The 6th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention
Technologies, CM 2009/MFPT2009/ 23-25 June, 2009, Dublin, Ireland, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., 2009, pp. 1132-1135.
- Kostyukov An. V., Increase of safety and operating efficiency of continuous production cycle enterprises based on real-time comprehensive condition monitoring of equipment, The 6th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies, CM 2009/MFPT2009/ 23-25 June, 2009, Dublin, Ireland, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., 2009, pp. 1164-1179.
- Kostyukov V. N., Real-time Condition Monitoring of Equipment, The 7th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies,
CM 2010/MFPT2010/ 22-24 June, 2010, Stratford-upon-Avon, England, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-33-8, 2010, Paper 236, 8 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Real-time Condition Monitoring of machinery by the recurrent selection of the noise and periodic components of vibration, The 8th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies, CM 2011/MFPT2011/ 20-22 June, 2011, Cardiff, Wales, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-36-9, 2011, Paper 205, 13 p.
- Kostyukov Al. V., Kostyukov V. N., Classification of vibration parameters trends for RTCM, The 8th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure
Prevention Technologies, CM2011/MFPT2011/ 20-22 June, 2011, Cardiff, Wales, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-36-9, 2011, Paper 217, 10 p.
- Naumenko A. P., Modern methods and means of on-line monitoring of parameters and realtime health monitoring of piston machines, The 8th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies, CM2011/MFPT2011/ 20-22 June, 2011, Cardiff, Wales, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-36-9, 2011, Paper 209, 13 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Real-Time Condition Monitoring of gear pumps by the recurrent selection of the noise and periodic components of vibration, The 9th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies, CM 2012/MFPT2012/ 12-14 June, 2012, London, England, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-36-9, 2012, Paper 259, 11 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Real-time Health Monitoring Systems of Machinery, The 10th International Conference on Condition Monitoring & Machinery Failure Prevention
Technologies, CM 2013/MFPT2013/ 18-20 June, 2013, Krakov, Poland, BINDT & Coxmoor Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-1-901892-37-6, 2013, Paper 106, 10 p.
- Kostyukov V. N., Naumenko A. P., Kostyukov An. V., Boychenko S. N., Kostyukov Al. V., Standards in the field of technical condition of hazardous facilities equipment, Industrial safety, Moscow, 2012, 7, pp. 30-36.
- GOST R 53563-2010, Condition Control and Equipment Diagnostics. Condition Monitoring of Hazardous Production Equipment. The Order of the Organization, Moscow, STANDARTINFORM, 2010.
- GOST R 53564-2010, Condition Control and Equipment Diagnostics. Condition Monitoring of Hazardous Production Equipment. Requirements to Monitoring Systems, Moscow, STANDARTINFORM, 2010.
- GOST R 53565-2010, Condition Control and Equipment Diagnostics. Condition Monitoring of Hazardous Production Equipment. Vibration of Centrifugal Pumping and Compressor Units, Moscow, STANDARTINFORM, 2010.
- Malov E. A., Bronfin I. B., Dolgopyatov V. N., Kostyukov V. N., Boychenko S. N., Implementation of COMPACS® systems – providing of safe operation at the plants with continuous production cycle, Industrial safety, Moscow, 1994, 8, pp. 19-22.
- Kostyukov V. N., Boychenko S. N., Naumenko A. P., Tarasov E. V., Comprehensive monitoring of hazardous production facilities, Control. Diagnostics, Moscow, 2008, 12, pp.
8-18.
Kostyukov V.N. Real-time health monitoring systems of machinery - risk assessment // Condition Monitoring and Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies (СМ/MFPT 2014) Download the publication
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In terms of an operational process of rail-tracked rolling stock, the most important assemblies, liable to sudden failures, are limiting the rolling stock in general. Such assemblies include ones of electric and mechanical equipment which failures cannot be eliminated during operation.
The most efficient methods of detecting failures of rotary mechanical equipment is heating and vibration-acoustics, however, heating method allows barely state the fact of beginning of an assembly’s destruction, or find defects on a late stage of their development, as long as the vibration-acoustic method of NDT allows to detect both nucleating and developed defects.
Big amount of interferences and high noise level accompanying interaction of a wheel and a rail track has formed a common opinion on provision objective vibration acoustic condition diagnostics of rolling stock’s rotary machinery condition in operation being hard or, sometimes, impossible to achieve.
The research is aimed at providing the most informative, in terms of vibration-acoustic diagnostics, frequency range of a vibration signal, in order to develop an expert system and provide condition monitoring of a rail-tracked rolling stock.
Kostyukov Al.V., Tsurpal A.E., Basakin V.V. Research on vibration activity of assemblies in rail-tracked rolling stock’s mechanical parts // XX Russian scientific conference on NDT and technical diagnostics: proceedings – Moscow: Spectr Editorial, 2014. – p.353-355. Download the publication
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Today, the most common method to estimate centrifugal pump unit condition is vibration analysis which analyze vibration signals on the unit’s surface. In that case spectral analysis of signals is used, in which harmonic components of the spectrum are placed in correspondence with particular defects. However, usage of spectrum analysis requires precise information on the type and construction of the unit, its operation practice which might be imprecise or even absent. That might lead to condition estimation errors. Thus, a task of investigating new diagnostic methods using algorithms invariant to type and construction of the unit is urgent.
The paper considers using in diagnostics of centrifugal pump unit one of non-linear dynamic methods - fractal dimension, in which Hurst exponent of fractal dimension is used as a diagnostic feature. The main advantage of the feature is invariance to the level of analyzed signal, and, consequently, independency of power and dimension characteristics of the unit.
The paper reveals the results of researches on using the Hurst exponent of fractal dimension for determining unit’s cavitation carries out by means of the COMPACS®-RPG bench system for pump units testing. It is shown that the exponent’s response is accurate, and, in some cases, even more accurate than the main cavitation spectral feature – level of blade harmonics.
Thus, usage of the Hurst exponent of fractal dimension allows to improve reliability of output from an expert system for pump units condition diagnostic.
Kostyukov V.N., Boychenko S.N., Pavlenkov D.V. Usage of fractal dimension coefficient for vibration analysis of centrifugal pump units’ condition // XX Russian scientific conference on NDT and technical diagnostics: proceedings – Moscow: Spectr Editorial, 2014. – p.352-353. Download the publication
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Non-destructive testing and technical diagnostics of columns, reactors and tanks of refinery and petrochemical productions during operation on production conditions is an urgent task, which solution provides reliability and safety of explosive and flammable productions.
The computer monitoring and automatic diagnostics systems COMPACS® apply almost all methods of non-destructive testing: vibration, acoustic emission, heat, electric, eddy-current, acoustic, optical.
The principles of the system’s structure allow to provide flexibility and multipurposeness of the applied NDT methods. In that case the data are collected by various-type sensors, and an automatic expert system analyzes the facility’s condition.
Today, DYNAMICS SPC in collaboration with «FORC — Photonics» has solved the task on control provision by applying a fiber-optic technology for non-destructive testing purposes and technical diagnostics of columns and tanks at refinery and petrochemical production facilities in operation.
The paper considers application of fiber-optic technology in the COMPACS® systems in order to provide NDT and technical diagnostics of columns and tanks at refinery and petrochemical production facilities in operation.
Boychenko S.N., Tarasov E.V., Zarenbin A.V., Simonov M.A. Fiber-optic systems for temperature and strains monitoring // XX Russian scientific conference on NDT and technical diagnostics: proceedings – Moscow: Spectr Editorial, 2014. – p.247-248. Download the publication
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The prime means of machinery operability support is preventive maintenance. The intervals between maintenance/repairs as well as their size and contents depend on the statistical data. That method does not consider special features of the particular assembly, its actual operation conditions, such as stochastic loads on the machines, or operation procedure, etc. A machinery maintenance system based on such approach has several disadvantages.
Switching from preventive maintenance to condition-based maintenance allows considerably (in a few times) increase run-to-failure period and decrease operational costs. The real-time condition monitoring of machines and their parts ensures an objective assessment of condition during operation. The second component of the innovative technology for maintenance, repair, run-to-failure growth and reduction of cost required for a demanded condition support is detection of faulty parts of the machine before repair and an accurate assessment of their condition after the repair.
Kostyukov V.N., Naumenko A.P., Kostyukov Al.V., Boychenko S.N. Real-time condition monitoring – innovative technology of maintenance and repair production // Territoriya NDT (NDT Territory). - 2014. - №1. - p.66-69. Download the publication
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Vibration analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of a piston machine’s condition by outer vibration of its casing, and makes an effective instrument for investigating dynamic processes’ quality during assembling, production, defects detection and their critical growth during operation. The highest efficiency rate can be reached by ensuring the condition monitoring of not only a piston machine, but all conjugated mechanisms and attached assemblies.
Internal combustion motors are the most important types of piston machines for which vibration-acoustic diagnostics allows to provide safe accident-free operation with the longest possible operating life.
A DMS is a system (or machine) which product is current information on the condition of the machinery and possible danger, with required commentary (prognosis of residual operating life, prompting on the nearest urgent actions to be made, etc.) and a set risk level.
Kostyukov V.N. Reliability increase of piston machines equipped with condition diagnostic and monitoring system (DMS) // Machine manufacturing. Encyclopedia. - Moscow: Mashinostroenie. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. - 2013. - Vol. IV-14. – Annex, par.4. - p.775-781 Download the publication
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Internal combustion motors are multifactor source of powerful vibration-acoustic signals. The motor’s vibrations are caused by unevenly rotating masses – inertia of reciprocating masses, centrifugal inertia and its moments, gas dynamic processes – power of gas pressure, inlet/outlet gas flow, fuel injection, and, also, impact and friction between elements and details of assemblies and mechanisms.
Kostyukov V.N., Naumenko A.P. Vibration analysis of motors // Machine manufacturing. Encyclopedia. - Moscow: Mashinostroenie. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. - 2013. - Vol. IV-14. - Par. 6.2.5. - p.679-682 Download the publication
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The paper consideres continuous condition monitroing and real-time automatic diagnostics of pump units at refinery and petrochemical facilities.
Using recommendations issued by the COMPACS® condition monitroing system with an automatic expert system, the maintenance personnel can ensure safe resource-saving operation of machinery of hazadours production facilities at refineries and petrochemical companies, search and correct errors in technology process, control operation procedure of machinery according to its condition.
Kostyukov V.N., Kostyukov An.V., Tarasov E.V. Advantages of real-time condition monitoring // Neftepererabotka i neftehimiya (Oil-refining and petrochemistry). - 2013. - №11. - p.44-51 Download the publication
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Self-diagnostics of a system for diagnostics and monitoring (hereinafter - SDM) of hazardous production facilities ensures minimal cost of such system’s operation, metrological reliability and availability factor [1-7]. Modern SDM comprising software-hardware complexes having combination of self-diagnostic methods which decreases their reliability. The paper considers a hardware method of a SDM’s vibration measuring channel end-to-end self-diagnostics from the sensor’s sensing element to the display.
The suggested method is based on producing a test signal to the sensor circuit and its further analysis by software-hardware means [2, 5], was utilized, particularly, in development of SDM for petrochemical units.
The paper considers an approach to reliability increase of a condition monitroing system with a piezo-sensor by means of condition control for measuring-transducing channel using self-diagnostics. The paper considers selection of the most efficient parameters for self-diagnostic circuit. The results of the practical experience are presented.
References:
- Donskov, V., Ivanov, A., Zavgorodniy, V., Kostyukov, V., “Vibration transducers for industrial application”, Foreign radioelectronics, No. 9, pp 65-67, 1996.
- Kostyukov, V., Morozov, S., Certificate of authorship No. 1740994 “Device for machines diagnostics”, International classification of inventions - G01M15/00, USSR, application of 01/09/1983, published on 15/06/1992, bulletin No. 22, 4 p.
- Kostyukov, V., Bojchenko, S., Kostyukov, A.,“Automated control systems for safe resource-saving operation of equipment at refining and petrochemical plants (ACS SRSTM –COMPACS®)”, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, ISBN: 5-217-02971-4, 163 p, 1999.
- Kostyukov, V., “Monitoring of Industrial Safety”, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, ISBN: 5-217-03151-4, 212 p, 2002.
- Kostyukov, V., Certificate for useful model No. 1537 “The system for machines diagnostics on their body vibration”, International classification of inventions - G01M15/00, Russian Federation, application of 15/03/1994, published on 16/01/1996, bulletin No. 1, 2 p.
- Computer Aided Maintenance, Rules for selection and use of systems, Maintenance Management, No. 4, pp 15-19, 1997.
- Computer Aided Maintenance, Champion the maintenance cause internally, Lack of formal strategy and performance, Look after your assets, Maintenance Management, No. 5, pp 23-27, 1997.
Kostyukov V.N., Kostyukov Al.V. Self-diagnostics of piezoelectric transducers // The 11th International Symposium on Measurement Technology and Intelligent Instruments (ISMTII 2013) Download the publication
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